If so, the causes of SPD are coded into the child’s genetic material. Preliminary research suggests that SPD is often inherited. The causes of SPD are among the subjects that researchers at Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation and their collaborators elsewhere have been studying. “Is it something I did?” parents want to know. Many worries that they are somehow to blame for their child’s sensory issues. What causes Sensory Processing Disorder is a pressing question for every parent of a child with SPD. The causes of Sensory Processing Disorder The Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation is dedicated to researching these issues, educating the public and professionals about their symptoms and treatment, and advocating for those who live with Sensory Processing Disorder and sensory challenges associated with other conditions. Sadly, misdiagnosis is common because many healthcare professionals are not trained to recognize sensory issues. Because adults with SPD have struggled for most of their lives, they may also experience depression, underachievement, social isolation, and/or other secondary effects. These “sensational adults” may have difficulty performing routines and activities involved in work, close relationships, and recreation. Sensory Processing Disorder is most commonly diagnosed in children, but people who reach adulthood without treatment also experience symptoms and continue to be affected by their inability to accurately and appropriately interpret sensory messages. These kids often are misdiagnosed – and inappropriately medicated – for ADHD. Still, other children exhibit an appetite for sensation that is in perpetual overdrive. These are the “floppy babies” who worry about new parents and the kids who get called “klutz” and “spaz” on the playground. In children whose sensory processing of messages from the muscles and joints is impaired, posture and motor skills can be affected. Another might under-respond and show little or no reaction to stimulation, even pain or extreme hot and cold. One person with SPD may over-respond to sensation and find clothing, physical contact, light, sound, food, or other sensory input to be unbearable. Sensory Processing Disorder can affect people in only one sense–for example, just touch or just sight or just movement–or in multiple senses. – from Sensational Kids: Hope and Help for Children With Sensory Processing Disorder by Lucy Jane Miller, PhD, OTR However, preliminary studies and research suggest some leading contenders. The exact cause of Sensory Processing Disorder–like the causes of ADHD and so many other neurodevelopmental disorders–has not yet been identified. What Sensory Processing Disorder looks like While most of us have occasional difficulties processing sensory information, for children and adults with SPD, these difficulties are chronic, and they disrupt everyday life. Symptoms of Sensory Processing Disorder, like those of most disorders, occur within a broad spectrum of severity. Another research study by the Sensory Processing Disorder Scientific Work Group (Ben-Sasson, Carter, Briggs-Gowen, 2009) suggests that 1 in every 6 children experiences sensory symptoms that may be significant enough to affect aspects of everyday life functions. One study (Ahn, Miller, Milberger, McIntosh, 2004) shows that at least 1 in 20 children’s daily life is affected by SPD. Motor clumsiness, behavioral problems, anxiety, depression, school failure, and other impacts may result if the disorder is not treated effectively. Jean Ayres, PhD, likened SPD to a neurological “traffic jam” that prevents certain parts of the brain from receiving the information needed to interpret sensory information correctly.Ī person with SPD finds it difficult to process and act upon information received through the senses, which creates challenges in performing countless everyday tasks. Pioneering occupational therapist and neuroscientist A. Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD, formerly known as “sensory integration dysfunction”) is a condition that exists when sensory signals don’t get organized into appropriate responses. Whether you are biting into a hamburger, riding a bicycle, or reading a book, your successful completion of the activity requires processing sensation or “sensory integration.” Sensory processing (sometimes called “sensory integration” or SI) is a term that refers to the way the nervous system receives messages from the senses and turns them into appropriate motor and behavioral responses.
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